Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamafutha esisekelo amahlanu?

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwamafutha esisekelo amahlanu?

Amafutha okugcoba akhiwa uwoyela wesisekelo kanye nezithasiselo, uwoyela wesisekelo uhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezinhlanu, ngokulandelana ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅤ uwoyela wesisekelo sekilasi, i-Bang master ukukutshela ngalezi zinhlobo ezinhlanu zamafutha esisekelo zihlukile.

Class I base oil

Inqubo yokukhiqiza uwoyela wamaminerali wokucwengisiswa kwe-solvent, uwoyela we-Class I base ngokuyisisekelo ususelwa enqubweni yomzimba, awushintshi ukwakheka kwama-hydrocarbons, ukusebenza kuhlobene ngqo nekhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukusebenza kujwayelekile kakhulu, kubiza kakhulu. uwoyela base emakethe.

I-Class II base oil

Amafutha amaminerali e-Hydrocracking, uwoyela we-Class II wesisekelo ulungiswa ngenqubo yokuhlanganisa (inqubo yokuncibilikisa ehlangene nenqubo ye-hydrogenation), ikakhulukazi inqubo yamakhemikhali, ingashintsha isakhiwo sokuqala se-hydrocarbon. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela we-Class II wesisekelo unokungcola okuncane, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-hydrocarbons agcwele, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa nokumelana komoya-mpilo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nokusebenza kokuhlakazeka kwe-soot kungcono kunowoyela wesisekelo se-Class I.

I-Class III base oil

I-Deep hydroisomerization dewaxing base base, uwoyela wesisekelo we-Class III uyisidingo sokukhipha izinto ezingavuthiwe ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydrogen, enenqubo egcwele ye-hydrogenation, eyingxenye yamafutha esisekelo aphezulu e-viscosity hydrogenation, eyaziwa nangokuthi uwoyela wesisekelo ongajwayelekile (UCBO), ongaphezu kakhulu I-class I base oil kanye ne-Class II base base oil ekusebenzeni.

I-Class IV base oil

I-Polyalphaolefin synthetic oil, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-PAO base oil. Izindlela zokukhiqiza ezivame ukusetshenziswa zamafutha ayisisekelo ekilasi IV yindlela yokuqhekeka kukapharafini kanye nendlela ye-ethylene polymerization, futhi uwoyela wesisekelo owenziwe ngama-macromolecules ucwengwa ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali okuyinkimbinkimbi. Ama-molecule ahlelwe kahle, amafutha asezingeni elihle, anenkomba ye-viscosity ephezulu, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-oxidation nokuzinza kokushisa, nokuguquguquka okuphansi.

I-Class V base oil

Uwoyela wesisekelo we-Class V, ngaphezu kwamafutha ayisisekelo ekilasi I-IV amanye amafutha okwenziwa, okuhlanganisa ama-hydrocarbon okwenziwa, ama-esters, uwoyela we-silicone namanye amafutha emifino, abizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi i-Class V base base.